Ecuador Has Ratified 41 International Treaties Since November 2023 — 36 Now in Force

Treaty Portfolio Overview

Since November 2023, Ecuador's Constitutional Court has reviewed 41 international treaties. The breakdown:

Category	Count	Status
Negotiated under Noboa	12	10 in force, 2 pending legislative approval
Reactivated from prior governments	26	All in force
Denounced by Noboa	2	Withdrawn
Awaiting National Assembly	1	Pending
Total in force	36

Key Trade & Economic Agreements

Strategic commercial treaties now in force:

• South Korea — Strategic Economic Cooperation Agreement
• European Union — Free Trade Agreement (ratified under Noboa after years of delay)
• China — bilateral agreement (terms not specified)
• WTO Agreement on Fisheries Subsidies — ratified August 16, 2024

Air services agreements expanding aviation routes with:

• Saudi Arabia
• United Arab Emirates
• Uruguay
• Dominican Republic
• Chile

Tax and customs cooperation with the United Kingdom, Turkey, Panama, and the Netherlands.

Security & Law Enforcement

The treaty portfolio has a significant security component:

• Europol — cooperation agreement for combating serious crime and terrorism
• Italy — police cooperation
• China — extradition treaty (ratified November 13, 2024)
• Treaty on Arms Trade — ratified January 23, 2026
• Budapest Convention on Cybercrime — ratified July 12, 2024

Social & Migration

• Canada — Social Security Agreement (enables pension portability for Ecuadorian workers in Canada and vice versa)
• Multiple migration cooperation agreements (specific counterparties not detailed)

Legal Framework

International relations expert Santiago Carranco noted that intergovernmental agreements for expedited processes ("acuerdos intergubernamentales para procesos expeditos") don't require legislative approval. However, long-term state commitments warrant parliamentary review for democratic accountability.

Two pending treaties still require National Assembly ratification before entering force.

What to Watch

• South Korea economic cooperation implementation. Terms and timeline for trade preferences, investment frameworks, and technology transfer remain to be detailed publicly.
• Air services activation. New routes to Saudi Arabia and UAE signal Gulf-state interest in Ecuador — watch for airline announcements and cargo agreements, particularly for flower and shrimp exports.
• China treaty density. Between the trade agreement, extradition treaty, and CMOC's Cangrejos mining contract, China's institutional footprint in Ecuador is expanding across commerce, security, and extractives simultaneously.
• Pending ratifications. The two treaties awaiting legislative approval and one before the National Assembly could face delays as political attention shifts to the 2027 electoral cycle.

Source: El Universo